Loom for weaving tubular fabrics.



PATENTED JUNE 26, 1906.

G. ALVORD. LOOM FOR WEAVING TUBULAR FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 8, 1904. nl

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Elli u. la..- I...

PATENTED JUNE 26, 1906.

C. ALVORD. LOOM FOR WEAVING TUBULAR FABRICS.

APPLIGATION FILED JAN. 8,1904'.

5 SHEETS-SHEET '2.

PATENTED JUNE'26, 1966.

G.- ALVORD. LOOM POR WEAVING TUBULARFABRIGS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 8, 1904.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

PATENTED JUNE 26, 1966.

I No. -824,226.

C. ALVORD.

LOOM POR WEAVING TUBULAR FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 8, 1904.

5 SHEET SHEET 4.

No. 824,226. I PATENTED JUNE 26, 1906'. C. ALVORD. LOOM FOR WEAVINGTUBULAR FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 8, 1904.

E SHEETSfSHBET 5.'

lig.

7l/fg f3 yss UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIOE.

a cLINrON ALvoRD, or WORCESTER..MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIONOB, BY MESNEASSIGNMENTS; To MULTIPLE WOVEN HOSE a RUBBER co.,

OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

LOOM FOR WEAVllNGI TUBULR FABRICS..

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 26, 1906.

Application filed January 8, 1904. Serial No. 188.258.,A

rics, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to provide a loom for weaving tubularfabrics which may be employed for hose, tubing, tires, belting, or otherpurposes, and particularly to provide a mechanism for weaving a fabricconsisting of a plurality of tubes concentrically arranged or includedone within the other. To this end a flat or lane warp is operated toform a number of plies twice the number of tubes to be woven. Forexample, if two tubes are to be woven, one inside the other, the warp isoperated to form four plies. This is done by employing eight harnessesand operating the Same as hereinafter described. A shuttle is providedfor each tube to be woven. Thus in the example above taken two shuttlesand mechanisms for operating the same are provided. A shuttle-box isprovided at each side of each reed-space. These parts' are so arrangedin the example chosen for illustration that one shuttle will pass in onedirection through the u per one of the intermediate plies and the ot erShuttle will pass through the upper or--outside ply. The first shuttlewill return through the lower one of the intermediate plies, and

'the second shuttle will return through the bottom or outside ply. Bythis arrangement two tubes will be woven one inside the other.

Suitable binder-warps are-introduced and may be woven into the fabric ina number of ways. If some of the binder-warps are used to bind the twoupper plies together and the remainder of the binder-warps to bind thetwo lower plies together, the resulting product of two tubes, one insidethe other, will bev bound together, but the inner tube will be left inopen condition. This operation is emloyed when it is desired to weave ahollow abric, such as hose, tubing, or tires. If the binder-warps areoperated to bind all the plies together, two collapsed tubes, one insidethe other, will be produced, and the tubes Will be bound together toretain their flat or collapsed position and relation to each other. Thisis a product well .adapted for belting. The loom has been arranged inmultiplethat is to say, to form al loom which will weave a plurality ofproducts-the shuttleboxes and mechanisms being combined, so i that theintermediate shuttle-boxes can be used in connection with the fabricwoven at each side thereof, whereby there will have to be a number ofshuttle-boxes exceeding the number of roducts by only one. Wlth a loomthus esigned to weave two products there need'only be threeshuttle-boxes. With a loom designed to weave three fabrics there needonly be four shuttle-boxes. With a loom designed to weave four fabricsthere need only be five shuttle-boxes, &c. The shuttles are preferablyactuated by positive motion.

The invention further consists of improved details and mechanisms foroperating the parts.

A loom embodying this invention is illustrated in the accompanying fivesheets of drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation ofpart of a'loom constructed toeinbody the invention.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is `an elevationv takenfromthe opposite side relatively to Fig. 2. Figs. 4 an 5 are frontelevations, on an enlarged scale, illustrating the shuttle-boxmechanism. Fig. 6 is a cross'- sectional view through one of theshuttle-box mechanisms. Fig. 7 is a detail of the gearing andconnections for actuating the shuttles. j

Figs. 8 to 15, inclusive, are diagrams illustrating the operation of theshuttles. Fig. 16is a diagrammatic representation of the. operation ofweaving. Figs. 17 and-18 are diagrammatic views of a tubular product,Fig. 17 representing the outer tube partly cut away to s ow the innertube and Flg; 18 re resenting the fabric partly open to show t e IOOwhich power is applied and which has a Hywheel and the usual hand-wheelsand a clutch operated by a handle 21 so that the loom can be thrownintoand out of operation inthe slide guides, there usual way. A pinion22 on the drivingshaft 2() meshes with'a large gear 23 on thecrank-shaft 24, which crank-shaft has a plurality of crank-arms 25,vwhich connect Iby pitrnen Q6-to links' 27, pivoted at one end to theframework and at the other end to links 28, which are connected to thelay-frame 2'9,

ivoted on the usual shaft290 whereby the i ay will be vihrated back anVforth on its pivot-shaft.

'Suitable harness-frames 30 are arra ed to being a set ol tvi'fo framesfor each ply of the fabric land two frames for the binder-warps. Theseharnessfra'me's are arranged to carry theusu'al heddles. In thearticular illustration shown there 'are ten arnesses, two harnesses for,each 'or the four plies or the fabric and two harnesses for thebinder-warpls, Ithe binder- 'War'ps bein .operated by the 'arness-framesnearest thefront of the loom.

The 'war'ps 'are drawn from any suitable source and are led into theloom around rolls 3l, 32, and 33 and around a whip-roll 34. Thiswhip-roll 34 isvmounted in brackets 35,

ivoted concentrically with the roll 33. The brackets 35 are connected blinks 36 tothe links 27, which form part '0 the mechanism for operatingthe lay. The ends 'oi the links 36 are slotted, as shown, and engagepins secured to the brackets v85. The. arrangement is such that as thelay beats up from the position shown in 3 to the position shown in F 2to beat the filling into pla-oe the whi rol 34 will be moved back totight-en t e war so that the fabric will be tight while being eaten 'upand the tension will be relaxed during She ding. The lander wapaI aredrawn fromv an' suitable source and are carried around t e roll 37 totheir frames; From the-heddles the warps pass through the usual reedsSS,carried by the lav.

nected to o erate the harness-frames which control the Ebinder-'wa s, so that by substituting diiferent cams t l e binder-war'ps may be laid inthe fabric in different Ways.

Each fabric after it is Woven passes out over any suitable uiding device45 to a takeup device 46, Whic may be of the usual conl front of themachineare of split or removable form and are construction and which itis not necessary to describe in detail in this case.

Arranged at each side of each reed-space are shuttle-boxes, which willnow be described.

Vertical guides 47 are formed or secured to the lay-frame 29, and fittedto slide on the .same are the shuttle-boxes 481,'each of which in theconstruction shown has two shuttlecompartments. The upper position ofthe shuttle-boxes on the guides may beV determined by stop-screws 49.The shuttles are designated by 50. Each shuttle 50 as shown in Fig- 6,has a rack 5l at the back thereof 'and each 'shuttle is provided withthe usual 'appurtenances wherebya c'o can bel carried by the same andthe filling ed out throu' h any of the usual outlet devices 53A. On t efront end of the shaft 40,' as shown in Fig. l is a ca'mf54 foroperating the shuttle-boxes. Engagingthis cam is a roller 55, mounted onthe end of a pivote'd lever 56, which is 'connected by a link 57 to asliding bar 58. Rocking levers 59 are pivote'd at 60 and are `con-'nected to be operated from the slide-bar 58. The ends of these rockinglevers ,are connect- 'ed by links 61 to 'the shuttle-boxes. The rockinglever 59 at the left-hand en'd of the machine is ractically only ahalf-lever and is connected to but `one shuttle-box. These connectionsare arranged so that the shuttlehoxes are operated relatively oppositelyon each side of `each reed-space-that s to say, the shuttle-box at oneside thereof moves down as the shuttle-boxat the other side there'oi`moves u and vice versa.

. inthe particu ar loom illustrated the rela'- tion between the spiralgears and spiral pinions is eight toene, so that the shaft 4c turnson'ce foreach eight beats of the loom, and the cam S4 is designed sothat the shuttle-boxes chan 'e positions relatively to each other ate'a'h eat of the loom. l

The mechanism for operating the` shuttles will now be described.

On the shaft 43 is .a mutilated ve'ar 62, which has four toothedsections. 'Iivo pinions 63, having teeth properl designed, are journaledin the framing, an each carries a crank 64. The cranks 64 are connectedby links 65 to a lever 66, pivoted on a lever 6 7, which extends downfrom a ivot on the framing. The operation of this mechanism is such asto swing the lever 67y by a two-step movementr to` the right or to ltheleft, with a dwell between each of these movements and a dwell at eachof lits extreme positions- IOO IIO

that is to say, for example, -the upper pinion will iirst turn onehundred and eighty deees to. swing the lever 67 to the right. here will,then be a short dwell. The lower pinion will turn one hundred and eightydegrees and swing the lever 67 still farther to he right. There willthen be a short dwell.

The upper pinion will turn one hundred and There will t to itsintermediate position.

Then the lower pinthen be a short dwell.

' ion will turn one hundred and eighty degrees and will swing the lever67 to its extreme left-hand osition. There will then be a short dwelcompleting the cycle. The lower end of the lever 67 is connecte by auniversally-jointed link to a rack 69,

which is fitted to slide in bearings 70, carried by the pivoted shaft290 of the'lay-frame. This rack engages a pinion 71, mounted on a shortshaft which carries a gear 72, which meshes with a pinion 73, secured ona vertical shaft 74, journaled in bearings carried by the la g v 5h longrack 75 is itted to slide in the la under the shuttle-boxes. Thevertical sha t 74 carries a pinion 76, engaging the long rack 75.Journaled in the lay so as to come at each side of each shuttle-box areshafts 77.. Each of these shafts 77 has a pinion 78, .which meshes withthe long rack 75, and each of these shafts has a pinion 79 at its upperend. These pinions 79 constitute the shuttle-driving means.

The construction is the same for each of the shuttle-boxes, except thatat the righthand side of the left-hand shuttle-box the vertical shaft 74extends up and carries the right-hand shuttle-driving pinion 79. Theseshuttle-driving pinions 79 are arranged in position so that when theshuttle-box is in its lowest position, as shown in Fig. 4, the up ershuttle in that box will be operated an so that when the shuttle-box isin its raised position, as shown in' Fig. 5, the lower shuttle in thatbox will be operated. The ,pinions are operated by the gearing beforedescribed so that one shuttle and then the other shuttle will bemovedfrom one box over to the other and then one shuttle and then'theother shuttle will be moved back. A

The intermediate shuttle box-that is, each shuttle-box between anadjacent set of harnesses-is designed so that it is used ,for theshuttles of the `fabric at each side thereof.

When the shuttle-box is lowered, the upper shuttle will be brought intomesh with the shuttle-driving pinion and the lower shuttle will be movedout of mesh, and when a shuttle-box is raised the lower shuttle will bebrought into'mesh with the shuttle-driving pinion 'and the upper shuttlemoved out of mesh. v

The operation is shown in the fifth sheet of drawings 'in connectionwith a four-ply or double. tubular fabric and in connection with theweaving. of two ie'ces of fabric. Calling the shuttles for the eft-handfabric A and B and the shuttles for the right-hand fabric C and D, theoperation is as follows, starting with the parts in the position shownin Fig. 8: Atthe first movement shuttles A and D pass to the right tothe position shown in Fig. 9.

`8 and completing the cycle.

Y and was not devised by me.

The shuttle-boxes then change as shown in Fig. 10. The shuttles B and Cthen pass to the right, as shown in Fig. 11. y boxes then change asshown in Fig. 12. y The shuttles A and D then pass to the left, as shownin Fig. 13. The shuttle-boxes then chan e as shown in Fig. 14.v Theshuttles B and then pass to the left, as shown in Fig. 15. Theshuttle-boxes then change, bringing the parts back to the position shownin Fig. It will be seen that the shuttle B follows the shuttle A both tothe right and to the left and that the shuttle I) similarly follows theshuttle C. By this operation the shuttles will properly pass through thewarp, the lay beating up just after each movement of the shuttles. Nowconsidering the fabric woven by the shuttles A and B, the warp isoperated to form four plies a, b, c, and d. Shuttle A will pass overthrou h the top one of the intermediate plies a.

AShutt e B will pass over through the upper or outside t. lShuttle Awillpass back through the lower one of the intermediate plies c and theshuttle'B'will pass back through the lowest or outside ply d. This, inconnection with Y the harness-motion and the beating up ofthe fabric .bythe la ,will weave two tubes T and T,-one inside the other, a'sshown inFig. 17. By using cams 44 to operate the harness- 'frames of thebinder-warps so that the binder-warps will tie the plies a and btogether andso that another part of the binderwarps will tie the pliesyc and d together the two tubes will bebound to each other and a doublehollow fabric will be woven, suitable for hose, tubing, or tires, asshown in Figs. 17 and 18. If cams are used to cause the The shuttle-4binder-warps to ytie the four plies together,l l

the product will be a four-ply fabric consistin of two tubes, one insidethe other, the two tu es being collapsed' and bound together to form aproduct suitable for belting. In Fig. 19 I have shown an arrangement ofbinderwarps in which part of the binder-warps will tie the plies a, b,and c together, while the other part of the binder-warps will tie theplies 1b, c, and d together-that is to say, in the fabric illustrated inFig. 19 the binderwarps do not extend completely through the fabric, oneset of b inder-warps extending part way through from one face of thefabric and the other set of binder-warps extending art way through fromthe other face of the falliric. This form of fabric has been found inpractice to be lparticularly well adapted for use as belting; utalthough I have herein illustrated and described this form of fabric forthepurpose of clearly explaining the character of products which can bemade on a loom constructed according to this invention it is to beunderstood that this particular form of fabric forms no part of mypresent invention It is of course within my invention to divide the warpinto a greater number of plies application of such shuttle'- oxes to anyparfor weaving more ythan two tubes' inside of each other, and of coursethe loom may be designed to weave as many fabrics abreast as is t ou htdesirable, depending upon the width o product produced.

The arranvement of shuttle-boxes and various combinations referred to inthe claims nia be used in many other forms of looms, an l have notintended to limit the scope of the claims coverin the same to theticular classof loom:

The detailsand arrangements' herein described may be greatly varied by askilled mechanic without departing from the scope of my invention asexpressed in the claims.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is Y l. In a loom for weaving a multipleconcentric tubular fabric, means for separating a fiat War A into anumber of plies twice the number o concentric tubes to be woven, andmeans for weaving a filling in the outside plies to form the outsidetube and a filling in the inclosed plies to form a tube included in theoutside tube.

2. in a loom'for weaving a double tubular fabric, means for vseparatinga flat warp into four plies, and means for weaving a lhng in the twooutside plies to form the outside tube and a filling in the two inclosedplies to form a tube included in the outside tube.

3. In a loom for weaving a multiple concentric tubular fabric, meansforse arating a war into a number of plies twice t e number o concentrictubes to be woven, means for operating a shuttle back and forth in the l'a fiat warp lnumber o outside lies to form the outside tube, and meansor operating another shuttle back and forth in the inclosed plies toform a tube included in the outside tube.

4. In a loom for weaving a double concentric tubular fabric, means forseparating a warp into four plies, means for moving a shuttle in onedirection throu h the top ply and back through the lower p y to form theoutside tube, and means for moving a shuttle in one direction throughthe second ply and back throughthe third ply to form a tube included inthe outside tube.

5. In a loom for weaving a multiple concentric tubular fabric, means forseparating into a number of plies twice the concentric tubes to bewoven,a positive motin for moving a shuttle back and forth in theoutside plies to form the out side tube, and a ositive motion for movinganother shuttle closed plies toform a tube included in the outside tube.

6. In a loom for `weaving a multiple coucentric tubular fabric, meansfor separating a flat warp into a number of plies twice the number 0fconcentric tubes to be woven, means for weaving"d a filling in theoutside plies to form the outside tube and a iillin in the inclosedplies to form a tube include in the outside tube, and means for bindingthe plies together.

in testimony whereof l have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

CLINTON ALVORD. Witnesses: v

J. ELMER HALL, PHILIP W. SOUTHGATE.

ack and forth in the inei

